Dyeing and printing



Patented Dec. 29, 1931 i UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE JAMES MORTON, OF EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND, AND JAMES IlIVOR.MORGAN JONES, LANCASTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNORS T0 MORTON SUNDOUR FABRICS, LIMITED, 0]

CARI-ISLE, ENGLAND DYEIN G AND PRINTING No Drawing. Application filed April 18, 1929, Serial No. 356,300, and in Great Britain April 26, 1928.

This invention relates to dyeing and printing, and more part-icularlyto processes in which vat colours are employed.

The production of patterns with vat col- ,6 ours in connection with vat grounds or vat cover-prints or the like is usually or may be efi'ected by two methods 1) First dyeing or printing the ground, and then overprinting with a suitable mixture containing an illuminating colour which effects a discharging of the ground or first print, while fixing the illuminating colour.

(2) First printing the illuminating colour in suitable mixture, then padding or overprinting with a suitable mixture such that on developing, a preferential development of the illuminating colour occurs at the points where both colours coincide.

Both these processes present considerable difiiculty, and are limited in application in so far as the number of vat dyestufi's suitable for use as illuminating colours, or otherwise, is limited;

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved or modified process particularly directed to the production of .fast prints in resist styles, especially the productlon of resists under vat colours.

The invention consists in a process comprising the use of printing or dyeing mixtures containing enolic ethereal salts of vat dyes together with excess of oxidizing agent capable of acting as a resist towards vat colours, and having substantially no effect on the enolic ethereal salt during the processes used for fixing the vat colours, and a suitable thickening, with or without the addition of substances which assist the resisting of the vat colour in a mechanical manner.

The invention also consists in a process ac cording to the preceding paragraph, in which the printing or dyeing mixture contains agents which whilst substantially inert as regards the enolic ethereal salt during the printing or fixing of the vat colour are yet capable of causing the development of the enolic ethereal salt by further treatment (for example, with acids; such a substance is sodium nitrite), the dyeing or printing mixture containing the enolic ethereal salt being applied for instance to the,woven fabric itself, or to the yarn prior to weaving, in which latter case it may often be convcnientl corporated with the sizing mixtures an applied to the warp or the weft or to the warp and weft as desired.

The invention also consists in processes such as those indicated below, and in prod- 1 ucts when made by those processes or by the obvious chemical equivalents thereof.

There are four principal methods by which the invention may be applied. These are as follows, references to parts being to parts by weight Case 1 Cloth is printed with a colour mixture containing the selected oxidizing agent together with an enolic ethereal salt of a vat dyestuif, a suitable thickening, then steamed and overprinted with and re-steamed to fix after, esses ples 1 the cloth is subjected to the usual procfor fixation and development. Examand 2 below illustrate this case EXAMPLE 1 According to this example a printing mixture is made as follows o r t Soledon jade green paste (enolic ethereal a salt'of caledon jade green, colour index Sodium nitrite 1 2 Sodium meta nitrobenzene sulphonateL" 30 Soluble oil -1. 2 British gum thickening 46 This mixture is printed, dried and steamed, and then overprinted or padded with a suitan ordinary vat 'dye the vat dye. There-i Sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate 1 :1..- 15 After overprinting, the material is dried steamed. air-tree steam. After st fining, the rolo are developed l passing the cloth in o en Width or other form, through bath containing for example:

larrs Commercial sulphuric acid 148 Tw si 10 Sodium bichroin ate 2 per 1000 parts at 30 C. followed by rinsing, scoping at the boil, and rinsing The result is that Where the red vat printing colour falls on the green resist colour, the development of the red is substantially inhibited Without substantially aiiecting the green.

EXAMPLE 2 According to this example, a printing colour is made of the following composition Parts lndigosol. red H. R. (sodium salt of the disulphuric GU20? of leuro-helindone red It) 9 Ammonium sulphocyanide 3 Sodium chlorate 1 .5 i'immonium vanadate 1: 1000 10 S dium meta nitrobenzene sulphonate- "ttQl and British gum thickeningun 61 .5

lhe colour is printed, dried and steamed, then oi'erprinted with the vat colour made as de scribed in Example 1, in which. the Caledon red-B. N. is replaced by Caledon jade green. The print is then dried, steamed and devcloped in a bath containing for exa1nplez- Paris t odium bicl romate 2 Kinetic acid 000 5 per 1000 parts, followed by rinsing and soapingr. Development of the green is substantially inhibited where 1t falls on the red.

Case 2 Cloth is printed and steamed as in Case 1, but instead of being overprinted, is padded with a vat dye solution 111 known manner.

Illustrations of this method are given below in Examples and 4;.

' EXAMPLE 3 A. printing mixture is made as follows Parts Soledon green Sodium meta nitrobenzene sulphonate 5O Eloluble oil -1 2 ll itish gum thickening 48 'lfhc mixture is printed, dried and steamed, then padded in known manner with the following solution Parts Jaledou red 15. N. Colour Index No.

use) 20 Water 500 Caustic soda 76 'lsv 5 Sodium h 'drosulphite 2 Glue solution 5% 60 "Water to 1000 essee? After padding, the material is passed through a 1')?" solution of sodium bichroinate in 1% sulphuric acid at 60" (1., then rinsed and soaped at the boil.

EXAMPLE 4:

According: to this exam 'ile, he cloth is printed with the following mixture and steamed Parts indigosol orange H. R. (sodium salt of the s-disulphurie ether of leuco-helindone orange R) 100 'ater 215 Starch gum tragacanth thickeninptflh 450 Ammonium sulphocyanide 30 Sodium chlorate Ammonium vanadat-e 1: 100 100 Glycerine Sodium benzylsulphanilate 1: 1 50 Sodium m-nitrobenzene sulphonate 250 Afterstea1ning,tl1e cloth may be padded with the following mixturez Parts Caledon brilliant purple R. R. (Colour Index No. 1104) -1 50 (iiun Arabic 1: 1 150 Water a 150 il VfQIljl 100 POl'flSSlUHl carbonate 150 Water 320 Rongalite C (sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate. [NaHSO .CH O.] 80

After padding, the cloth is dried, steamed for five minutes, at 100 0., in air'free steam, and colours developed by passing through a 1% solution of sodium bichromate in 1% sulphuric acid at (1., followed by rinsing and soaping.

Case 3 The third method of applying the invention consists in applying the mixture of a selected oxidizing agent and an enolic ethereal salt of a vat dyestufl, incorporated with a suitable size or adhesive if necessary, to yarn in the form of warps or hank, such yarn being subsequently Woven with untreated yarn, and the resulting cloth overprinted with an ordinary vat dyestuff as described above under Case 1 of applying the invention.

The following examples illustrate this case:

EXAMPLE 5 Yarn in the form of beamed warps is treated on a sizing machine of the usual slasher type, with a mixture made as follows 326 pa1'ts Size 180 parts Sodium m-nitrobenzene sulphonate 67 pa-rts Soledon jade green Sizing mc'mtw'e 2800 parts Water 550 parts Farina 330 parts I. C. starch 275 parts Tallow 7.7 parts Gum Arabic 1.9 parts Soap The warps are then steamed either before or after weaving into cloth. If it is desired to steam before weaving, the warps as they leave the sizing machine may be wound on a perforated beam such as is commonly used in beam dyeing machines.

The cloth may be woven with a figured pattern with the usual jacquard or other selecting mechanism, and may then be printed with suitable vat colours, steamed for five minutes in air-free moist steam to effect reduction of the vat dyestufi, then developed by treatment with 1% solution bichromate of soda in 1% sulphuric acid at (1., followed by rinsing, soaping at the boil and washing. In this case, the development of the vat colour on the warp threads is substantially inhibited, re-- sulting in the production of shot effects.

Any other suitable thickening may be employed in place of the sizing mixture given above.

EXAMPLE 6 5 above.

Case 4 The fourth method of applying the invention consists in padding a cloth prepared from treated and untreated yarn, as in Case 3, instead of overprinting it. This is illustrated in the following example I EXAMPLE 7 Yarn prepared as in Example 5 or Example 6 is'woven with untreated white yarn, and the resulting cloth padded by either of the methods described herein in the examples illustrating Case 2.

GENERAL aromatic hydrocarbons, all of which are suitable for purposes of the present invention,

particular attention being drawn to the nitrobenzene-sulphonic acid derivatives, especially the sodium salts of orthoand meta-nitrobenzene sulphonic acids (resists salts L. or Ludigol).

Having now described our invention what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l, A process for securing the development of enolic ethereal salts of vat dyestuffs when these have had applied to them vat dyes and at the same time preventing the development of such vat dyes where they cover the enolic ethereal salt, which consists in the addition to the enolic ethereal salt of an oxidizing agent which is capable of serving as a resist towards vat dyes, and is substantially without effect on the enolic ethereal salt under the conditions used for applying the vat dye.

2. A colour resist process which consists in the application to textile fibres of mixtures containing enolic ethereal salts of vat dyestuffs, together with an oxidizing agent .capable of serving as a resist towards vat dyestuffs, and being substantially without effect on the enolic ethereal salt under the conditions used for fixing vat dyestuffs, followed by application of ordinary vat d estufi's, and then by subjection of the materia to processes for the development of vat dyestuffs and enolic ethereal salts.

3. A process as claimed in claim 2, in which cloth is printed with a mixture containing the aforesaid oxidizing a cut together with an ethereal salt of a vat fyestuif and a thickening agent, then steamed and overprinted with an ordinary vat dye and resteamed to fix the vat dyestufi', the cloth being thereafter sub 'ected to the usual process for fixation and development of the vat colour and the enolic ethereal salt.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this s ecification.

JAMES h lORTON. JAMES IVOR MORGAN JONES. 

